Yazisa:
Kuphuhliso lweziseko ezingundoqo nakushishino,imibhobho edityanisiweyo enkuluidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunikeni amandla, ukuqina kunye nokuguquguquka.Le mibhobho ibalulekile kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo eziquka uthutho lwe-oyile negesi, unikezelo lwamanzi kunye neeprojekthi zokwakha.Imibhobho edityanisiweyo enobubanzi obukhulu yenze igalelo elibalulekileyo kuphuhliso kunye nenkqubela phambili yoluntu kwihlabathi liphela kunye neempawu zabo ezintle kunye nokusebenza okuthembekileyo.
1. Ukuvela kwemibhobho edityanisiweyo enkulu:
Umbhobho we-welded we-diameter enkulu ufikile kwimathiriyeli, ukuyila kunye nokuvelisa iteknoloji kwiminyaka.Ekuqaleni, imibhobho yemveli eyenziwe ngamaplanga, udongwe okanye intsimbi etyhidiweyo yayisetyenziswa.Nangona kunjalo, njengoko itekhnoloji iqhubela phambili, intsimbi yaba yinto efanelekileyo kwimibhobho emikhulu yobukhulu ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu kunye nokumelana nomhlwa.Namhlanje, imibhobho edityanisiweyo esekwe kwintsimbi ebanzi ilawula imarike, iqinisekisa izisombululo zeziseko zophuhliso ezihlala ixesha elide.
2. Amandla angenakulinganiswa kunye nokuqina:
Idayimitha enkuluumbhobho odityanisiweyoyaziwa ngamandla ayo aphezulu kunye nokuqina.Le mibhobho yenziwa kwintsimbi ekumgangatho ophezulu ukumelana noxinzelelo lwangaphandle kunye noxinzelelo lwangaphakathi.Amalungu adityanisiweyo aphucula ingqibelelo yesakhiwo sombhobho, evumela ukuba imelane neemeko ezinzima ezifana nokushisa okuphezulu, imithwalo enzima, kunye nezinto zokusingqongileyo.Ke ngoko, imibhobho edityanisiweyo enkulu enobubanzi ibonelela ngemibhobho ethembekileyo nekhuselekileyo yokuthutha ulwelo, iigesi kunye nezixhobo kumgama omde.
3. Ukuguquguquka kuwo onke amashishini:
Imibhobho edityanisiweyo enedayamitha enkulu isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo zoshishino ezahlukeneyo.Kwishishini le-oyile negesi, le mibhobho isetyenziselwa ukuthutha i-oyile ekrwada, igesi yendalo, kunye neemveliso zepetroleum esulungekileyo.Ngokufanayo, kwiinkqubo zokubonelela ngamanzi, imibhobho ye-welded ye-diameter enkulu isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa ngokufanelekileyo amanzi okusela, ukuqinisekisa ukubonelela ngokuqhubekayo kwimimandla yasezidolophini nasezilalini.Ukongezelela, le mibhobho ibalulekile kwiiprojekthi ezininzi zokwakha, kuquka izakhiwo eziphakamileyo, iibhulorho, kunye neetonela ezingaphantsi komhlaba, ukunika amandla kunye nokuzinza kwisakhiwo.
4. Iinzuzo zoqoqosho kunye nokusingqongileyo:
Imibhobho edityanisiweyo enedayamitha emikhulu izisa inzuzo ebalulekileyo yezoqoqosho kushishino nakuluntu.Ngenxa yobomi benkonzo ende kunye neemfuno zokugcinwa okuphantsi, le mibhobho iqinisekisa ukugcinwa kweendleko zexesha elide.Imibhobho edityanisiweyo edayamitha emikhulu ikwanegalelo kuzinzo lokusingqongileyo ngokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwezinto eziyingozi, ukuthintela ukungcoliseka komhlaba, kunye nokwenza iindlela ezizezinye zothutho ezilungele ukusingqongileyo.
5. UQinisekiso loMgangatho kunye neMigangatho yeHlabathi:
Ukuveliswa kwemibhobho edityanisiweyo yobukhulu obukhulu ilandela imigangatho engqongqo yomgangatho kunye nemimiselo yokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwemveliso kunye nokhuseleko.Abavelisi basebenzisa iindlela zokuhlola eziphambili, kubandakanywa ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic, i-radiography kunye novavanyo loxinzelelo lwe-hydrostatic, ukuvavanya ukuthembeka kwemibhobho kunye nokuqina.Ihambelana nemigangatho eyahlukeneyo yamazwe ngamazwe njenge-American Petroleum Institute (API) kunye ne-American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), iqinisekisa ngakumbi ukusebenza komgangatho ophezulu wemibhobho edityanisiweyo yobubanzi obukhulu.
Ukuququmbela:
Umbhobho odityanisiweyo omkhulu wedayamitha enkulu iye yaliguqula icandelo leziseko ezingundoqo, inika amandla angenakulinganiswa nanto, ukuqina kunye nokuguquguquka.Ukusuka ekuthuthweni kwamandla abalulekileyo ukuya ekuququzeleleni iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokuhambisa amanzi, le mibhobho ibalulekile kumashishini amaninzi.Ngomgangatho wayo ophezulu kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yehlabathi, imibhobho edityanisiweyo enkulu yobubanzi ibonelela ngesiseko esithembekileyo sophuhliso oluzinzileyo kunye nokukhula koqoqosho, ukuqinisekisa ikamva eliqaqambileyo kuluntu kwihlabathi jikelele.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-24-2023