1. Ikhabhoni (C) .Ikhabhoni yeyona nto ibalulekileyo yeekhemikhali echaphazela i-deformation yeplastiki ebandayo yentsimbi. Ukuphakama komxholo wekhabhoni, amandla aphezulu entsimbi, kunye nezantsi kweplastiki ebandayo. Kuye kwafakazelwa ukuba kuyo yonke i-0.1% yokunyuka kwekhabhoni, amandla okuvelisa akhula malunga ne-27.4Mpa; amandla okuqina ayanda malunga ne-58.8Mpa; kwaye ulwandiso lwehla malunga ne-4.3%. Ngoko umxholo wekhabhoni kwintsimbi unempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni kweplastiki ebandayo yokuguqulwa kwentsimbi.
2. IManganese (Mn). I-Manganese idibana ne-iron oxide ekunyibilikeni kwentsimbi, ngakumbi ukwenza i-deoxidation yentsimbi. I-Manganese iphendula kunye ne-iron sulfide kwintsimbi, enokunciphisa isiphumo esiyingozi sesulfure kwintsimbi. I-manganese sulfide eyenziweyo inokuphucula ukusebenza kwentsimbi. I-Manganese inokuphucula amandla e-tensile kunye namandla emveliso yentsimbi, inciphisa iplastiki ebandayo, engathandekiyo kwi-deformation yeplastiki ebandayo yentsimbi. Nangona kunjalo, i-manganese inefuthe elibi kwi-deformation force Isiphumo simalunga ne-1/4 yekhabhoni kuphela. Ngoko ke, ngaphandle kweemfuno ezizodwa, umxholo we-manganese we-carbon steel akufanele udlule i-0.9%.
3. Isilicon (Si). I-silicon yintsalela ye-deoxidizer ngexesha lokunyibilika kwentsimbi. Xa umxholo we-silicon kwintsimbi ukhula nge-0.1%, amandla okuqina ayanda malunga ne-13.7Mpa. Xa umxholo we-silicon udlula i-0.17% kunye nomxholo wekhabhoni uphezulu, unempembelelo enkulu ekunciphiseni iplastiki ebandayo yensimbi. Ukwandisa ngokufanelekileyo umxholo we-silicon kwintsimbi kunenzuzo kwiipropati ezibanzi ze-mechanical zentsimbi, ngokukodwa umda we-elastic, unokunyusa ukuchasana kwentsimbi ye-Erosive. Nangona kunjalo, xa umxholo we-silicon kwintsimbi udlula i-0.15%, ukufakwa kwe-non-metallic inclusions kwenziwa ngokukhawuleza. Nokuba intsimbi ephezulu ye-silicon ifakiwe, ayizukuthambisa kwaye inciphise iipropathi ezibandayo zeplastiki zentsimbi. Ngoko ke, ukongeza kwiimfuno eziphezulu zokusebenza kwamandla emveliso, umxholo we-silicon kufuneka uncitshiswe kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
4. Isulfure (S). Isulfure kukungahlambuluki okuyingozi. I-sulfure kwintsimbi iya kuhlukanisa i-crystalline particles of metal ukusuka komnye nomnye kwaye ibangele ukuqhekeka. Ubukho besulfure bubangela ukuba i-embrittlement eshushu kunye ne-rust yensimbi. Ngoko ke, umxholo wesulfure kufuneka ube ngaphantsi kwe-0.055%. Intsimbi ephezulu kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwe-0.04%.
5. Phosphorus (P). I-Phosphorus inomsebenzi oqinileyo wokuqiniswa kwesiphumo kunye nokwahlula okunzulu kwintsimbi, okwandisa ukunyanzeliswa kwentsimbi ebandayo kwaye kwenza intsimbi ibe sesichengeni sokukhukuliseka kweasidi. I-Phosphorus kwintsimbi iya kutshabalalisa isakhono seplastiki ebandayo kwaye ibangele ukuqhekeka kwemveliso ngexesha lokuzoba. Umxholo we-phosphorus kwintsimbi kufuneka ulawulwe ngaphantsi kwe-0.045%.
6. Ezinye izinto ze-alloy. Ezinye izinto ze-alloy kwi-carbon steel, njenge-Chromium, i-Molybdenum kunye ne-Nickel, zikhona njengobumdaka, ezinempembelelo encinci kwintsimbi kunekhabhoni, kwaye umxholo uncinci kakhulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-13-2022