1. Ikhabhoni (C) .Ikhabhoni yeyona nto ibalulekileyo yeekhemikhali echaphazela i-deformation yeplastiki ebandayo yentsimbi.Ukuphakama kwekhabhoni, amandla aphezulu entsimbi, kunye neplastiki ephantsi ebandayo.Kuye kwafakazelwa ukuba kuyo yonke i-0.1% yokunyuka kwekhabhoni, amandla okuvelisa akhula malunga ne-27.4Mpa;amandla okuqina ayanda malunga ne-58.8Mpa;kwaye ulwandiso lwehla malunga ne-4.3%.Ngoko umxholo wekhabhoni kwintsimbi unempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni kweplastiki ebandayo yokuguqulwa kwentsimbi.
2. IManganese (Mn).I-Manganese idibana ne-iron oxide ekunyibilikeni kwentsimbi, ngakumbi ukwenza i-deoxidation yentsimbi.I-Manganese iphendula kunye ne-iron sulfide kwintsimbi, enokunciphisa isiphumo esiyingozi sesulfure kwintsimbi.I-manganese sulfide eyenziweyo inokuphucula ukusebenza kwentsimbi.I-Manganese inokuphucula amandla e-tensile kunye namandla emveliso yentsimbi, inciphisa iplastiki ebandayo, engathandekiyo kwi-deformation yeplastiki ebandayo yentsimbi.Nangona kunjalo, i-manganese inefuthe elibi kwi-deformation force Isiphumo simalunga ne-1/4 yekhabhoni kuphela.Ngoko ke, ngaphandle kweemfuno ezizodwa, umxholo we-manganese we-carbon steel akufanele udlule i-0.9%.
3. Isilicon (Si).I-silicon yintsalela ye-deoxidizer ngexesha lokunyibilika kwentsimbi.Xa umxholo we-silicon kwintsimbi ukhula nge-0.1%, amandla okuqina ayanda malunga ne-13.7Mpa.Xa umxholo we-silicon udlula i-0.17% kunye nomxholo wekhabhoni uphezulu, unempembelelo enkulu ekunciphiseni iplastiki ebandayo yensimbi.Ukwandisa ngokufanelekileyo umxholo we-silicon kwintsimbi kunenzuzo kwiipropati ezibanzi ze-mechanical zentsimbi, ngokukodwa umda we-elastic, unokunyusa ukuchasana kwentsimbi ye-Erosive.Nangona kunjalo, xa umxholo we-silicon kwintsimbi udlula i-0.15%, ukufakwa kwe-non-metallic inclusions kwenziwa ngokukhawuleza.Nokuba intsimbi ephezulu ye-silicon ifakiwe, ayizukuthambisa kwaye inciphise iipropathi ezibandayo zeplastiki zentsimbi.Ngoko ke, ukongeza kwiimfuno zokusebenza zamandla aphezulu kwimveliso, umxholo we-silicon kufuneka uncitshiswe kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
4. Isulfure (S).Isulfure kukungahlambuluki okuyingozi.I-sulfure kwintsimbi iya kuhlukanisa i-crystalline particles of metal ukusuka komnye nomnye kwaye ibangele ukuqhekeka.Ubukho besulfure bubangela ukuba i-embrittlement eshushu kunye ne-rust yensimbi.Ngoko ke, umxholo wesulfure kufuneka ube ngaphantsi kwe-0.055%.Intsimbi ephezulu kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwe-0.04%.
5. Phosphorus (P).I-Phosphorus inomsebenzi oqinileyo wokuqiniswa kwesiphumo kunye nokwahlula okunzulu kwintsimbi, okwandisa ukunyanzeliswa kwentsimbi ebandayo kwaye kwenza intsimbi ibe sesichengeni sokukhukuliseka kweasidi.I-Phosphorus kwintsimbi iya kutshabalalisa isakhono seplastiki ebandayo kwaye ibangele ukuqhekeka kwemveliso ngexesha lokuzoba.Umxholo we-phosphorus kwintsimbi kufuneka ulawulwe ngaphantsi kwe-0.045%.
6. Ezinye izinto ze-alloy.Ezinye izinto ze-alloy kwi-carbon steel, njenge-Chromium, i-Molybdenum kunye ne-Nickel, zikhona njengobumdaka, ezinempembelelo encinci kwintsimbi kunekhabhoni, kunye nomxholo omncinci kakhulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-13-2022