Imibhobho yoLwakhiwo yeCandelo eliHoli lemibhobho yeGesi yeNdalo eNgaphantsi komhlaba

Imibhobho yoLwakhiwo yeCandelo eliMgongxo lemibhobho yerhasi yendalo engaphantsi komhlaba eboniswa ngumfanekiso

Inkcazelo emfutshane:

Xa ukwakhiwa kwemibhobho yegesi yendalo ephantsi komhlaba, ukukhetha izinto eziphathekayo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweziseko zophuhliso. Iityhubhu zesakhiwo secandelo elinomgongxo, ngakumbi iityhubhu ze-arc ezijikelezayo, ziya zithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yamandla azo aphezulu, ukuqina kunye nokumelana nomhlwa. Kule bhlog, siza kuphonononga ukubaluleka kokungenanto-imibhobho yolwakhiwo lwecandelo kulwakhiwo lwemibhobho yerhasi yendalo engaphantsi komhlaba kunye nezibonelelo eziphambili ezinikezelayo.

Thumela i-imeyile kuthi

Iinkcukacha zeMveliso

Iithegi zeMveliso

I-Spiral entywiliselwe i-arcumbhobhoszisetyenziswa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwemigca yegesi yendalo engaphantsi komhlaba ngenxa yenkqubo yazo yokwenziwa eyodwa. Imibhobho yenziwa ngokubumba iikhoyili zentsimbi eshushu-eqengqelekayo ibe yimilo ejikelezayo kwaye emva koko idityaniswe kusetyenziswa inkqubo ye-arc yokuwelda. Oku kuvelisa imibhobho ye-arc entywiliselweyo yokuqina ephezulu ye-Spiral enobukhulu obufanayo kunye nokuchaneka okugqwesileyo komgangatho, okuyenza ilungele ukuthuthwa kwerhasi yendalo ephantsi komhlaba.

Itheyibhile 2 IiPropati eziPhambili zeMzimba kunye neMichiza yeMibhobho yeNsimbi (GB/T3091-2008, GB/T9711-2011 kunye ne-API Spec 5L)
Umgangatho	IBanga leNsimbi	Amalungu eMichiza (%)						Ipropati ye-Tensile						Charpy(V notch)Uvavanyo lweMpembelelo
		c	Mn	p	s	Si	Okunye	Isivuno Amandla (Mpa)		Amandla Okuqina (Mpa)		(L0=5.65 √ S0)(umzuzu wokuTlula umlinganiselo (%)
		max	max	max	max	max	Okunye	imiz	max	imiz	max	D ≤ 168.33mm	D ＞ 168.3mm
I-GB/T3091 -2008	Q215A	≤ 0.15	0.25 ＜ 1.20	0.045	0.050	0.35	Ukongeza i-Nb\V\Ti ngokuhambelana ne-GB/T1591-94	215		335		15	> 31
	Q215B	≤ 0.15	0.25-0.55	0.045	0.045	0.035		215		335		15	> 31
	Q235A	≤ 0.22	0.30 ＜ 0.65	0.045	0.050	0.035		235		375		15	>26
	Q235B	≤ 0.20	0.30 ≤ 1.80	0.045	0.045	0.035		235		375		15	>26
	Q295A	0.16	0.80-1.50	0.045	0.045	0.55		295		390		13	>23
	Q295B	0.16	0.80-1.50	0.045	0.040	0.55		295		390		13	>23
	Q345A	0.20	1.00-1.60	0.045	0.045	0.55		345		510		13	>21
	Q345B	0.20	1.00-1.60	0.045	0.040	0.55		345		510		13	>21
GB/T9711-2011 (PSL1)	L175	0.21	0.60	0.030	0.030		Ngokuzithandela ukongeza enye yezinto ze-Nb\V\Ti okanye nayiphi na indibaniselwano yazo	175		310		27		Inye okanye ezimbini zesalathiso sokuqina samandla empembelelo kunye nendawo yokucheba inokukhethwa. Kwi-L555, bona umgangatho.
	L210	0.22	0.90	0.030	0.030			210		335		25
	L245	0.26	1.20	0.030	0.030			245		415		21
	L290	0.26	1.30	0.030	0.030			290		415		21
	L320	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			320		435		20
	L360	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			360		460		19
	L390	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			390		390		18
	L415	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			415		520		17
	L450	0.26	1.45	0.030	0.030			450		535		17
	L485	0.26	1.65	0.030	0.030			485		570		16
API 5L (PSL 1)	A25	0.21	0.60	0.030	0.030		Kwibakala B intsimbi,Nb+V ≤ 0.03%;yentsimbi ≥ ibakala B,ukongeza iNb okanye V okanye indibaniselwano yabo, kunye Nb+V+Ti ≤ 0.15%	172		310		(L0=50.8mm) iya kubalwa ngokwale fomyula ilandelayo:e=1944·A0 .2/U0 .0 A: Ummandla wesampulu kwi-mm2 U: Ubuncinane obukhankanyiweyo bokuqina bokuqina kwi-Mpa		Akukho nanye okanye nayiphi na okanye zombini amandla empembelelo kunye nendawo yokucheba efunekayo njengenqobo yokugweba yokuqina.
	A	0.22	0.90	0.030	0.030			207		331
	B	0.26	1.20	0.030	0.030			241		414
	X42	0.26	1.30	0.030	0.030			290		414
	X46	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			317		434
	X52	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			359		455
	X56	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			386		490
	X60	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			414		517
	X65	0.26	1.45	0.030	0.030			448		531
	X70	0.26	1.65	0.030	0.030			483		565

Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zemibhobho yesakhiwo esinomngxuma kukumelana nokugqwesa kwawo okugqwesileyo. Xa ingcwatyelwe ngaphantsi komhlaba, imibhobho yerhasi yendalo iba sesichengeni sokufuma, iikhemikhali zomhlaba kunye nezinye izinto ezidlekayo. Imibhobho ye-Spiral submerged arc yenzelwe ngokukodwa ukumelana nezi meko zinzima zangaphantsi komhlaba, iqinisekisa ubomi obude kunye nokuthembeka kwemibhobho yegesi yendalo.

Ukongeza kwi-corrosion resistance,imibhobho yolwakhiwo yecandelo elimngxumazinika amandla aphezulu kunye nokuzinza, okwenza ukuba zilungele ukufakwa phantsi komhlaba. Uyilo olujikelezayo lwale mibhobho lubonelela ngomthamo ogqwesileyo wokuthwala umthwalo, okubavumela ukuba bamelane nobunzima bomhlaba kunye neminye imikhosi yangaphandle ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni isidima sabo solwakhiwo. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinomngeni wokwakheka komhlaba, apho imibhobho kufuneka ikwazi ukumelana nokushukuma komhlaba kunye nokuzinza.

Ukongezelela, imibhobho yesakhiwo yecandelo elingenanto iyaziwa ngokuguquguquka kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko. Ziza kuluhlu olubanzi lobukhulu kunye nobukhulu kwaye zinokulungiswa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zeeprojekthi zemibhobho yegesi yendalo ephantsi komhlaba. Oku kunciphisa imfuno yokufakelwa okongeziweyo kunye ne-welding, okukhokelela ekufakeni ngokukhawuleza kunye neendleko eziphantsi. Ubume obukhaphukhaphu bale mibhobho bukwakwenza ukuba uthutho kunye nokuphatha kusebenze ngakumbi, kube negalelo ngakumbi ekongeni kweendleko.

Xa kuziwa kukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweimigca yegesi yendalo ephantsi komhlaba, ukhetho lwezinto eziphathekayo lubalulekile. Imibhobho yolwakhiwo yecandelo elinomgongxo, ingakumbi imibhobho ye-arc engqukuva, edibanisa ukomelela, ukuqina, ukuxhathisa umhlwa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko, oko kuyenza ilungele ukuhanjiswa kwerhasi yendalo ephantsi komhlaba. Ngotyalo-mali kwiipayipi ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezilungiselelwe ngokukodwa izibonelelo eziphantsi komhlaba, iinkampani zegesi zinokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kunye nobude obude beziseko zabo ngelixa zinciphisa iindleko zokugcina kunye nokulungiswa kwexesha elide.

Isishwankathelo, imibhobho yolwakhiwo olunqamlezileyo olunqamlezileyo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwakhiweni kwemibhobho yegesi yendalo ephantsi komhlaba. Ukuxhathisa kwayo okuphezulu kwe-corrosion, amandla aphezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko kwenza kube yinto yokuqala yokukhetha iiprojekthi zokuthutha igesi yendalo. Ngokukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kumaziko angaphantsi komhlaba, iinkampani zegesi yendalo zinokugcina ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kweziseko zabo, ekugqibeleni zincede ukuhambisa igesi yendalo ngokufanelekileyo kubathengi.